2023年，激素受体(HR)阳性、HER-2阴性乳腺癌的治疗取得了显著进展。本文回顾了2023年该领域的重点临床研究，特别关注了新辅助和辅助治疗策略的研究进展及细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)4/6抑制剂等多个新药在晚期乳腺癌治疗中的应用。最新数据表明，新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗能显著提高高危HR阳性、HER-2阴性乳腺癌患者的病理完全缓解率；在辅助治疗方面，CDK4/6抑制剂带来了无侵袭性疾病生存期的显著改善。对于晚期乳腺癌，CDK4/6抑制剂联合内分泌治疗已成为新的标准治疗方案。本文还讨论了CDK4/6抑制剂治疗失败后的二线及后续治疗策略，包括新型抗体药物偶联物、PI3K抑制剂、AKT抑制剂和新型口服选择性雌激素受体降解剂等的应用。这些研究成果为HR阳性、HER-2阴性乳腺癌患者提供了更多的治疗选择，有望进一步提高患者的生存质量和生存期。未来的研究将继续优化治疗策略，实现更精准有效的个体化治疗。

In 2023, significant advancements were made in the treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+ )/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER-2-) breast cancer. This article reviews key clinical studies on breast cancer in 2023, with a particular focus on the progress in neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapeutic strategies, as well as the frontline application of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the treatment of advanced breast cancer. Studies have shown that neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the pathological complete response rate in high-risk HR+ /HER2- breast cancer patients. In terms of adjuvant therapy, CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated significant improvements in invasive disease-free survival. For advanced breast cancer, the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy has become the new standard of care. The article also discusses treatment strategies for patients who have failed CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy, including the use of novel antibody-drug conjugates, PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors and new oral selective estrogen receptor degraders. In summary, the research findings have provided more treatment options for patients with HR+ /HER2- breast cancer, with the potential to further enhance their quality of life and overall survival. Future research will continue to optimize treatment strategies to achieve more precise and effective personalized therapy.