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中华乳腺病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 18 -24. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2024.01.003

论著

局部治疗在乳腺癌术后孤立性局部区域复发中的作用
薛雨柔1, 孔洁1, 朱龙玉1, 韩慧娜1, 张钧1, 刘志坤1,()   
  1. 1. 050011 石家庄,河北医科大学第四医院放射治疗科
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-17 出版日期:2024-02-01
  • 通信作者: 刘志坤

Local treatment for isolated locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients after mastectomy

Yurou Xue1, Jie Kong1, Longyu Zhu1, Huina Han1, Jun Zhang1, Zhikun Liu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Radiotherapy, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
  • Received:2023-04-17 Published:2024-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Zhikun Liu
引用本文:

薛雨柔, 孔洁, 朱龙玉, 韩慧娜, 张钧, 刘志坤. 局部治疗在乳腺癌术后孤立性局部区域复发中的作用[J]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 18-24.

Yurou Xue, Jie Kong, Longyu Zhu, Huina Han, Jun Zhang, Zhikun Liu. Local treatment for isolated locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients after mastectomy[J]. Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(01): 18-24.

目的

探讨局部治疗在乳腺癌术后发生孤立性局部区域复发患者中的作用。

方法

本研究为回顾性队列研究,分析了2011年1月到2020年12月河北医科大学第四医院收治的168例乳腺癌术后发生孤立性局部区域复发患者的临床资料。根据局部干预方式的有无(手术切除或放射治疗),将其分为局部干预组(115例)和局部未干预组(53例)。单因素分析采用Kaplan-Meier法及Log-rank检验比较两组患者的局部区域控制率(LRC)、无远处转移生存(DMFS)、无进展生存(PFS)、总生存(OS)。多因素生存分析采用Cox比例风险回归模型。

结果

中位随访时间53个月(范围:12.0~121.0个月),168例患者中28例(16.7%)发生再次局部区域复发,59例(35.1%)发生远处转移,59例(35.1%)死亡。单因素分析结果显示局部干预组患者的5年LRC(59.6%比40.0%,χ2=9.550,P=0.002)、DMFS(60.4%比32.2%,χ2=10.828,P=0.001)、PFS(57.9%比28.0%,χ2= 18.342,P<0.001)和OS(61.6%比44.9%,χ2=4.176,P=0.041)均优于局部未干预组患者。多因素分析结果显示局部干预是影响患者5年LRC(HR=2.097,95%CI:1.287-3.417,P=0.003)、DMFS(HR=2.296,95%CI:1.340-3.933,P=0.002)、PFS(HR=2.280,95%CI:1.440-3.611,P=0.000)和OS(HR=1.881,95%CI:1.049-3.374,P=0.034)的独立预后因素。亚组分析发现在单纯区域复发组中,局部干预组在5年LRC(64.9%比35.7%,χ2= 8.807, P=0.003)、DMFS(61.1%比27.6%,χ2= 8.283,P=0.004)、PFS(61.6%比26.4%,χ2= 9.549, P=0.002)、OS(64.9%比38.8%,χ2= 5.916,P=0.015)均好于局部未干预组患者。在局部复发(LR)组及局部合并区域复发(LR+RR)组中,局部干预与否在5年LRC、DMFS、PFS、OS的差异未见统计学意义。手术联合放射治疗组、单纯放射治疗组和单纯手术组的5年LCR(69.2%比58.5%比53.3%, χ2= 1.914, P=0.384)、DMFS(65.1%比58.0%比66.0%,χ2= 1.996, P=0.374)、PFS(65.1%比57.0%比53.3%, χ2= 1.867,P=0.393)、OS(69.2%比58.5%比66.0%,χ2=1.048, P=0.592)比较,差异未见统计学意义。

结论

局部治疗可以改善乳腺癌术后发生孤立性局部区域复发患者的局部控制和生存获益,最佳的局部治疗模式仍需探索。

Objective

To explore the effect of local treatment in patients with isolated locoregional recurrence after mastectomy.

Methods

This study was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 168 breast cancer patients with isolated locoregional recurrence after mastectomy in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to local intervention (surgery/radiotherapy) after locoregional recurrence, all patients were divided into two groups: intervention group (115 cases) and non-intervention group (53 cases). Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the 5-year locoregional control (LRC), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariate analysis. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis.

Results

The median follow-up time was 53 months (12.0-121.0 months). Secondary local recurrence occurred in 28 cases (16.7%), distant metastasis occurred in 59 cases (35.1%), and death occurred in 59 cases (35.1%). Univariate analysis demonstrated that 5-year LRC(59.6% vs 40%, χ2=9.550, P=0.002), DMFS(60.4% vs 32.2%, χ2= 10.828, P=0.001), PFS(57.9% vs 28.0%, χ2= 18.342, P<0.001), OS(61.6% vs 44.9%, χ2=4.176, P=0.041) in intervention group were significantly higher than those in non-intervention group. Multivariate analysis revealed that local intervention was an independent prognostic factor for 5-year LRC(HR=2.097, 95%CI: 1.287-3.417, P=0.003), DMFS(HR=2.296, 95%CI: 1.340-3.933, P=0.002), PFS(HR=2.280, 95%CI: 1.440-3.611, P=0.000) and OS(HR=1.881, 95%CI: 1.049-3.374, P=0.034). Subgroup analysis showed that for patients with regional recurrence, 5-year LRC(64.9% vs 35.7%, χ2= 8.807, P=0.003), DMFS(61.1% vs 27.6%, χ2= 8.283, P=0.004), PFS(61.6% vs 26.4%, χ2= 9.549, P=0.002) and OS (64.9% vs 38.8%, χ2=5.916, P=0.015) in intervention group were significantly higher than those in non-intervention group, while there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in patients with local recurrence and patients with both local recurrence and regional recurrence. There was no significant difference in 5-year LRC(69.2% vs 58.5% vs 53.3%, χ2= 1.914, P=0.384), DMFS(65.1% vs 58.0% vs 66.0%, χ2= 1.996, P=0.374), PFS(65.1% vs 57.0% vs 53.3%, χ2= 1.867, P=0.393)and OS(69.2% vs 58.5% vs 66.0%, χ2=1.048, P=0.592) among surgery combined with radiotherapy group, radiotherapy group and surgery group.

Conclusion

Local treatment can improve locoregional control and survival benefit in patients with isolated locoregional recurrence after mastectomy, but the optimal approach of local treatment still needs to be explored.

表1 局部干预组与局部未干预组乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征比较
表2 168例孤立性局部区域复发乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的单因素分析
临床病理特征 例数 LRC(%) χ2 P DMFS(%) χ2 P PFS(%) χ2 P OS(%) χ2 P
局部干预                          
115 59.6 9.550 0.002 60.4 10.828 0.001 57.9 18.342 <0.001 61.6 4.176 0.041
53 40.0     32.2     28.0     44.9    
年龄                          
<50岁 94 53.4 0.492 0.483 51.6 0.874 0.350 46.5 0.654 0.410 58.9 0.881 0.348
≥50岁 74 51.9     49.1     48.4     51.9    
肿瘤原发部位                          
左乳 94 57.8 1.781 0.182 52.2 0.400 0.527 50.3 0.679 0.410 57.3 0.543 0.461
右乳 74 47.7     49.5     44.5     55.3    
肿瘤原发象限                          
内象限+中央区 82 55.3 2.083 0.353 52.6 1.838 0.399 48.1 1.497 0.473 62.6 5.594 0.061
外象限 61 60.9     60.1     57.3     63.8    
不详 25 35.2     32.5     31.2     31.2    
T分期                          
T1-2 113 51.7 0.292 0.864 48.7 0.032 0.984 45.1 0.059 0.871 55.9 0.397 0.820
T3-4 20 67.4     67.4     67.4     67.4    
不详 35 51.7     50.8     46.8     54.1    
初始治疗方式                          
手术治疗 152 54.9 1.079 0.299 54.2 3.808 0.051 50.3 2.613 0.106 58.7 0.866 0.352
新辅助治疗 16 38.7     25.8     25.8     38.7    
初诊时ER/PR                          
阳性 106 54.5 1.928 0.165 56.3 5.803 0.016 51.5 3.682 0.055 59.4 4.598 0.032
阴性 62 52.0     41.5     40.8     52.0    
初诊时HER-2                          
阳性 44 47.2 1.296 0.523 40.0 3.179 0.204 36.4 2.175 0.337 50.6 0.520 0.771
阴性 98 50.8     51.6     48.0     56.9    
不详 26 68.5     65.4     62.8     62.8    
脉管瘤栓                          
38 47.8 0.824 0.662 42.3 1.548 0.461 42.3 1.075 0.584 47.8 0.458 0.795
76 46.6     50.1     44.3     55.5    
不详 54 62.4     67.2     54.1     62.0    
腋窝淋巴结清扫数                          
<10枚 39 37.2 7.299 0.026 37.4 7.151 0.028 31.7 5.262 0.072 45.2 7.223 0.027
≥10枚 98 45.7     46.2     44.5     48.1    
不详 31 84.3     76.0     69.4     83.8    
腋窝淋巴结阳性数                          
0枚 65 59.6 13.931 0.003 62.7 16.266 0.001 54.4 11.826 0.008 70.1 14.795 0.002
1~3枚 34 43.8     45.2     43.8     47.5    
≥4枚 41 33.4     31.2     31.2     33.4    
不详 28 74.4     74.7     68.0     83.0    
无病间隔时间                          
<24个月 76 47.8 7.273 0.007 46.6 4.176 0.041 43.9 5.501 0.019 49.3 7.550 0.006
≥24个月 92 57.6     54.5     50.7     62.6    
首次复发部位                          
胸壁 66 52.5 8.580 0.127 53.5 8.714 0.121 47.1 8.369 0.137 62.1 10.776 0.056
腋窝 18 90.0     90.0     90.0     90.0    
锁下 7 66.7     53.3     53.3     66.7    
锁上 28 45.6     42.1     40.6     45.6    
内乳 14 59.6     59.6     59.6     66.2    
多发 35 45.5     39.8     38.4     42.0    
复发后ER/PR                          
阳性 85 61.0 4.004 0.135 62.7 7.544 0.023 57.3 5.561 0.062 67.6 8.685 0.013
阴性 63 43.7     36.4     35.7     43.7    
不详 20 47.2     43.8     41.3     47.2    
复发后HER-2                          
阳性 44 59.5 2.272 0.321 57.0 1.583 0.453 50.9 1.763 0.414 67.0 4.223 0.121
阴性 104 51.3     49.2     47.1     53.3    
不详 20 47.2     43.8     41.3     47.2    
表3 168例孤立性局部区域复发乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的多因素分析
表4 不同亚组孤立性局部区域复发乳腺癌患者的预后比较
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