目的

探讨中成药平消胶囊对实验性大鼠乳腺癌的预防作用及其机制。

方法

将60 只21 d 龄雌性SD 大鼠随机分为3 组:A 组(空白对照组)20 只,腹腔注射甲基亚硝脲,饮清水;B 组(平消胶囊组)20 只,腹腔注射甲基亚硝脲后饮用平消胶囊混悬液;C 组(他莫昔芬组)20 只,腹腔注射甲基亚硝脲后饮用他莫昔芬水。观察各组大鼠肿瘤生长情况, 记录肿瘤数量及体积;在鼠龄98 d 时, 取各组大鼠乳腺肿瘤组织行常规HE 染色病理学检查,应用免疫组织化学SP 法检测各组大鼠乳腺浸润性导管癌(IDC)中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达并行微血管密度(MVD)计数。采用χ² 检验及单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。

结果

A、B、C 组大鼠乳腺IDC 的发生率分别为100%(20/20)、60.0%(12/20)和50.0%(10/20),3 组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=13.33,P=0.001);B 组IDC 的发生率比A 组低(P＜0.017),但与C 组相比差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.40,P＞0.017)。A、B、C 组乳腺肿瘤的体积分别为(1042±102)、(398±42)、(520±33) mm³,3 组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=4.99,P=0.010);B 组肿瘤体积明显小于A 组(P=0.009),但与C 组相比差异无统计学意义(P=0.120)。A、B、C 组乳腺IDC 组织VEFG 阳性表达率分别为83.3%(115/138)、42.6%(29/68)和75.3%(58/77)(χ²=37.71,P=0.000),B 组的VEGF 阳性表达率明显低于A 组和C 组(χ²=35.84、16.07,P 均＜0.017)。A、B、C 组IDC 的MVD计数依次为(68.2±8.6)、(29.6±1.2)和(59.1±7.1)个(F=4.31,P=0.015),B 组IDC 的MVD 计数明显少于A 组和C 组(P 均=0.000)。

结论

平消胶囊对实验性大鼠乳腺癌的发生有明显的抑制作用, 其抑制乳腺癌的发生可能是通过抑制肿瘤血管生成实现的。平消胶囊对大鼠乳腺癌的发生有一定的化学预防作用。

Objective

To investigate the chemopreventive effect of Pingxiao capsule on breast cancer in rats and its mechanism.

Methods

A total of 60 21-day-old female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,20 rats in each group.All rats were intraperitoneally injected with methylnitrosourea.After that, water was provided to rats in group A (negative control group), water mixed with Pingxiao capsules in group B(Pingxiao capsule group), water solved with tamoxifen in Group C (tamoxifen group).The number and volume of the tumors developed in rats of each group were recorded.All rats were sacrificed at age of 98 days,and then the breast cancer tissue was sampled for HE staining and pathological detection.VEGF expression and microvessel density (MVD) in rat breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) were determined by SP immunohistochemistry.χ² test and one-way analysis of variance were conducted for data analysis.

Results

The occurrence of IDC was 100%(20/20)in group A, 60.0%(12/20) in group B and 50.0%(10/20) in group C, respectively, which presented a statisticaly significant difference among the three groups(χ² =13.33,P=0.001).The occurrence of IDC in group B was lower than that in group A(P＜0.017), but there was no statistical difference between group B and group C (χ²=0.40,P＞0.017).The volume of tumors was (1042±102) mm³ in group A,(398±42) mm³ in group B and (520±33) mm³ in group C,respectively,which showed a statistical difference among the three groups (F=4.99,P=0.010).The average volume of tumors in group B was less than that in group A(P=0.009), but there was no statistical difference between group B and group C(P=0.120).The positive rate of VEGF in IDC tissue was 83.3% in group A,42.6% in group B and 75.3%in group C, respectively (χ²=37.71,P=0.000 ).The positive rate of VEGF in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (χ²=35.84,P＜0.017)and group C (χ²=16.07,P＜0.017).MVD of IDC was 68.2±8.6 in group A,29.6±1.2 in group B and 59.1±7.1 in group C, respectively (F=4.31,P=0.015 ).MVD in group B was lower than that in group A and group C (all P=0.000).

Conclusions

Pingxiao capsules can inhibit the development of breast cancer in rats, which may be due to its anti-angiogenesis effect.So Pingxiao capsules have chemopreventive effects on breast cancer in rats.