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中华乳腺病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 291 -296. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2026.05.005

论著

国产单孔蛇形臂机器人在经腋窝入路保留乳头乳晕的乳房切除术联合即刻胸肌前假体乳房重建中的应用
张薇1, 魏敏2,3, 金小丁1, 储呈玉1, 汤永喆2,3, 王杰2,3,†(), 金贻婷1,†()   
  1. 1 200040 上海,复旦大学附属华山医院普外科甲乳外科中心
    2 200030 上海,上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院乳腺科
    3 200030 上海,上海市胚胎源性疾病重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2026-05-18 出版日期:2026-10-01
  • 通信作者: 王杰, 金贻婷

Domestic single-port snake-arm robot in transaxillary nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction

Wei Zhang1, Min Wei2,3, Xiaoding Jin1, Chengyu Chu1, Yongzhe Tang2,3, Jie Wang2,3,†(), Yiting Jin1,†()   

  1. 1 Thyroid and Breast Surgery Center, Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
    2 Department of Breast Surgery, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
    3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai 200030, China
  • Received:2026-05-18 Published:2026-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Jie Wang, Yiting Jin
  • About author:

    Zhang Wei and Wei Min contributed equally to the article

引用本文:

张薇, 魏敏, 金小丁, 储呈玉, 汤永喆, 王杰, 金贻婷. 国产单孔蛇形臂机器人在经腋窝入路保留乳头乳晕的乳房切除术联合即刻胸肌前假体乳房重建中的应用[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 291-296.

Wei Zhang, Min Wei, Xiaoding Jin, Chengyu Chu, Yongzhe Tang, Jie Wang, Yiting Jin. Domestic single-port snake-arm robot in transaxillary nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 291-296.

目的

评估国产单孔蛇形臂机器人运用于经腋窝入路机器人辅助保留乳头乳晕的乳房切除术联合即刻胸肌前假体乳房重建(rNSM+IBR)的可行性及早期安全性。

方法

前瞻性纳入2025年 3月至2026年4月在复旦大学附属华山医院(9例)和上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院(14例)采用国产单孔蛇形臂机器人行rNSM+IBR的23例乳腺癌患者临床资料,包括术后病理结果、手术方式、手术时间、围手术期并发症等。主要结局为手术可行性与术后早期安全性;次要结局包括手术相关指标及术后恢复情况。采用累积和曲线分析术者的学习曲线特征。

结果

23例乳腺癌患者均经腋窝切口顺利完成,无中转开放或额外切口;手术时间为260(170,290) min。术后30 d内无 Clavien-Dindo Ⅲ级及以上并发症,无皮瓣坏死、乳头乳晕复合体坏死、严重感染及假体丢失。手术时间随经验积累而缩短,术者学习曲线在 10例内趋于稳定。

结论

国产单孔蛇形臂机器人用于经腋窝入路 rNSM+IBR 可行,早期安全性较好,围手术期指标及学习曲线提示其具备推广应用潜力。

Objective

To evaluate the feasibility and short-term safety of domestic single-port snake-arm robot in transaxillary robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy combined with immediate prepectoral implant breast reconstruction (rNSM+IBR) .

Methods

A prospective study enrolled on the clinical data of 23 breast cancer patients who underwent rNSM+IBR from March 2025 to April 2026, including 9 patients in the Huashan Hospital, Fudan University and 14 patients in the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The following parameters were recorded: pathological findings, surgical procedures, operative duration, and perioperative complications.Primary endpoints were surgical feasibility and early postoperative safety;secondary outcomes included operative parameters, postoperative recovery, and learning-curve characteristics. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) curve was adopted to characterize the surgeon's learning curve.

Results

All 23 patients successfully completed the procedure via transaxillary incision, without conversion to open surgery or additional incisions. The operative time was 260 (170, 290) min. No Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅲ or higher complications occurred within 30 days postoperatively. No skin flap necrosis, nipple-areolar complex necrosis, severe infection, or prosthetic displacement was observed. Operative time decreased with experience, and the CUSUM analysis confirmed a stable learning curve within 10 cases.

Conclusion

The use of domestic single-port snake-arm robot is feasible and safe for transaxillary rNSM+IBR, with favorable perioperative profiles and a manageable learning curve.

图1 SR-ENS-600单孔蛇形臂机器人辅助经腋窝入路保留乳头乳晕的乳房切除术联合即刻胸肌前假体乳房重建术关键操作步骤 A图示乳房腺体边缘注射亚甲蓝;B图示通过腋窝切口在直视下进行前哨淋巴结活检或腋窝淋巴结清扫;C图示分离乳房浅筋膜层;D图示对接机器人后经腋窝切口置入单孔入路装置,将机器人摄像头及工作臂引入手术野;E图示机器人冷刀切取乳晕后缘;F图示机器人辅助下游离乳房后间隙;G图示自乳房上缘至内侧游离皮下浅筋膜层,达腺体内下角边缘;H图示自乳房外侧缘至下方游离腺体,达腺体内下角边缘;I图示调整镜头至眼镜蛇模式分离腺体内下角;J图示自腋窝切口取出腺体并于胸肌前置入补片包裹的乳房硅凝胶假体;K图示关闭腋窝切口,最终长度约5 cm;L为重建术后即刻乳房正面观
图2 两家医院术者学习曲线分析
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