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中华乳腺病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 20 -26. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2025.01.004

论著

一步核酸扩增在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移检测中的应用
方婉婷1, 商家炜1, 孟英爽1, 闫婷1, 明健1,()   
  1. 1.110001 沈阳,北部战区总医院病理科
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-18 出版日期:2025-02-01
  • 通信作者: 明健
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省民生科技计划联合计划资助项目(2021JH2/10300111)

One-step nucleic acid amplification for detecting sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer

Wanting Fang1, Jiawei Shang1, Yingshuang Meng1, Ting Yan1, Jian Ming1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110001, China
  • Received:2024-03-18 Published:2025-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Jian Ming
引用本文:

方婉婷, 商家炜, 孟英爽, 闫婷, 明健. 一步核酸扩增在乳腺癌前哨淋巴结转移检测中的应用[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 20-26.

Wanting Fang, Jiawei Shang, Yingshuang Meng, Ting Yan, Jian Ming. One-step nucleic acid amplification for detecting sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(01): 20-26.

目的

比较一步核酸扩增(OSNA)和冰冻切片法(FS)术中检测乳腺癌患者前哨淋巴结(SLN)转移情况,并评价OSNA 的诊断效能。

方法

前瞻性分析2021 年11 月至2023 年4 月北部战区总医院收治的116 例原发乳腺癌患者临床资料。 每位患者均行前哨淋巴结活组织检查,检出的287 枚SLN 同时进行OSNA 检测和FS 检测,以术后病理检测结果为金标准,计算OSNA 和FS 这2 种诊断方法的诊断符合率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。 采用Kappa 检验来判断2 种诊断方法与术后病理金标准的一致性。 采用McNemar 检验来比较OSNA、FS、串联实验、并联实验敏感度和特异度的差异。 绘制受试者操作特征曲线(ROC),并通过计算ROC 曲线下面积(AUC)比较不同诊断方法的有效性。 淋巴结转移组和未转移组的临床病理特征比较采用χ2检验及Mann-Whitney 检验。

结果

脉管侵犯、总肿瘤负荷与SLN 转移有关(χ2=16.454,P<0.001;Z=-8.876,P<0.001)。 116 例患者的OSNA 与术后病理金标准比较,诊断的总体符合率为93.1%(108/116),敏感度为95.8%(23/24),特异度为92.4%(85/92),阳性预测值为76.7%(23/30),阴性预测值为98.8%(85/86)(κ=0.808,P<0.001),其AUC 为0.941(95% CI:0.885 ~0.997,P<0.001)。 OSNA 和FS 2 种方法的敏感度比较(95.8% 比87.5%,χ2 =0.500,P=0.500),差异无统计学意义。 检出的287 枚SLN 中,OSNA 的诊断总体符合率为94.8%(272/287),敏感度为93.8%(30/32),特异度为94.9%(242/255),阳性预测值为69.8%(30/43),阴性预测值为99.2%(242/244)(κ=0.771,P<0.001),其AUC 为0.961(95% CI:0.911~1.000,P<0.001)。 OSNA 和FS 2 种方法的敏感度比较(93.8% 比90.6%,χ2=0.333,P=1.000),差异无统计学意义。 116 例患者采用OSNA 串联FS 的敏感度为87.5%(21/24),特异度为92.4%(85/92),阳性预测值为75%(21/28),阴性预测值为96.6%(85/88),比单独使用OSNA 的敏感度更高(χ2=7.111,P=0.004)。 OSNA 并联FS 的敏感度为95.8%(23/24),特异度为92.4% (85/92),阳性预测值为76.7%(23/30),阴性预测值为98.8%(85/86),相比于单独使用OSNA 因其阳性病例检出率相同故没有统计意义。

结论

OSNA 是一种检测乳腺癌患者SLN 是否转移的可靠方法。

Objective

To compare one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) technique and the frozen section (FS) method in intraoperative detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in breast cancer patients, and evaluate the diagnostic performance of OSNA.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on clinical data of 116 patients with primary breast cancer admitted to the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command from November 2021 to April 2023. Each patient underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, and 287 identified SLNs were subjected to both OSNA and FS testing. Postoperative pathological examination served as the gold standard for diagnosis. Diagnostic concordance rates, sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for both OSNA and FS.Kappa test was used to assess the consistency of OSNA and FS with the postoperative pathological result (gold standard). McNemar’s test was employed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of OSNA and FS,as well as the serial and parallel combinations of the two methods. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the diagnostic efficacy of different methods. Chi-squared tests and Mann-Whitney U tests clinicopathological features between lymph node metastasis group and non-metastasis group.

Results

Vascular invasion and total tumor burden were associated with SLN metastasis (χ2 =16.454,P<0.001;Z=-8.876,P<0.001). For the 116 patients, the diagnostic concordance rate of OSNA with postoperative pathology was 93.1% (108/116), with a sensitivity of 95.8%(23/24), specificity of 92.4% (85/92), PPV of 76.7% (23/30), and NPV of 98.8% (85/86). The kappa value was 0.808 (P<0.001) and the AUC was 0.941 (95%CI: 0.885-0.997, P<0.001). The sensitivity of OSNA and FS showed no statistically significant difference (95.8% vs 87.5%,χ2=0.500,P=0.500). For the 287 SLNs, the diagnostic concordance rate of OSNA was 94.8% (272/287), with a sensitivity of 93.8% (30/32), specificity of 94.9% (242/255), PPV of 69.8% (30/43), and NPV of 99.2% (242/244). The kappa value was 0.771 (P <0.001) and the AUC was 0.961 (95%CI: 0.911-1.000, P<0.001). The sensitivity showed no significant difference between OSNA and FS (93.8% vs 90.6%, χ2 = 0.333,P= 1.000). The sensitivity of OSNA combined with FS in series of the 116 patients was 87.5% (21/24), specificity 92.4%(85/92), PPV 75%(21/28), and NPV 96.6%(85/88). The sensitivity indicated a significant difference compared with OSNA alone (χ2 = 7.111,P= 0.004). For the parallel combination of OSNA and FS, the sensitivity was 95.8% (23/24), specificity 92.4% (85/92), PPV 76.7% (23/30), and NPV 98.8% (85/86). The detection rate of positive case was the same as that of OSNA alone, indicating no statistical significance.

Conclusion

OSNA is a reliable method for detecting SLN metastasis in breast cancer patients.

图1 腋窝前哨淋巴结处理流程示意图
表1 一步核酸扩增结果的判读标准
表2 前哨淋巴结转移灶诊断标准
表3 116 例乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征[例(%)]
图1 116 例乳腺癌患者采用一步核酸扩增和冰冻切片法检测前哨淋巴结的受试者操作特征曲线
表4 116 例乳腺癌患者前哨淋巴结术中冰冻切片和一步核酸扩增与术后病理结果对比
图2 287 枚前哨淋巴结采用一步核酸扩增和冰冻切片的受试者操作特征曲线
表5 287 枚前哨淋巴结术中冰冻切片和一步核酸扩增与术后病理结果对比
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