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Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03): 154-159. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2025.03.004

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Microbial composition of breast papillary tumors and its relationship with Fusobacterium

Kaixin Zhong, Jiawei Hu, Zixuan Luo, Yao Xiong, Chuang Chen()   

  1. Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
  • Received:2025-03-12 Online:2025-06-01 Published:2025-07-31
  • Contact: Chuang Chen

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the microbial composition of breast papillary tumors, analyze the correlation between Fusobacterium abundance and tumor malignancy as well as clinical parameters, and identify independent risk factors for malignancy.

Methods

A total of 72 patients with pathologically confirmed breast papillary tumors who underwent surgery in the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively enrolled, including 25 benign and 47 malignant cases. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess microbial diversity and composition. Alpha diversity indexes (Chao1、Faith_pd, Observed_species, Shannon) were compared between benign and malignant groups, and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to identify significantly different taxa. The association between Fusobacterium and malignancy risk was evaluated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results

The malignant group showed significantly higher alpha diversity compared with the benign group [Chao1: 215.282 (100.823, 342.457) vs 616.534 (356.234, 752.416) , Z=-2.374, P=0.018; Faith_Pd: 48.888 (23.390, 60.698) vs 105.198 (58.700, 136.172) , Z=-2.387, P=0.017; Observed_species: 191.900 (95.600, 339.800) vs 612.800 (343.700, 749.700) , Z=-2.374, P=0.018; Shannon: 2.729 (2.426, 3.967) vs 7.016 (3.781, 8.932) , Z=-3.089, P=0.002] Dominant genera in the benign group included Lactobacillus (0.962%) and Acinetobacter (2.250%) , while Prevotella (0.668%) Staphylococcus (0.160%) , and Rhodococcus (0.016%) were enriched in the malignant group. The abundance of Fusobacterium was significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group [0.000 079 (0.000 026, 0.000 245) vs 0.000 512 (0.000 168, 0.001 560) , H=4.464, P=0.035]. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age >50 years (OR=12.520, 95%CI: 3.150~49.739, P=0.001) , tumor volume >1 cm3 (OR=6.598, 95%CI: 1.681~25.901, P=0.007) , and presence of Fusobacterium (OR=5.943, 95%CI: 1.154~30.600, P=0.033) were independent risk factors for malignancy.

Conclusion

The microbial composition of papillary breast tumors is closely associated with tumor malignancy. Fusobacterium may serve as a potential microbial biomarker for malignancy, providing a theoretical basis for microbiota-targeted intervention.

Key words: Microbiota, Breast neoplasms, Carcinoma, papillary, Fusobacterium

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