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Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (02): 85-92. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2024.02.005

• Original Article • Previous Articles    

Management of sentinel lymph node micrometastases after mastectomy in patients with T1-2N1miM0 breast cancer

Zhaoyang Li1, Wenqi Ren1, Lingmi Hou2, Yanqing Jiang3, Qinhao Liu4, Yongzhen Zhao1, Mei Zhang5, Shuangqiang Qian2, Jinsui Li2,()   

  1. 1. School of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
    2. Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
    3. School of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
    4. Department of Medical Laboratory, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
    5. Department of Breast, Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Dazhou Central Hospital, Dazhou 635000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-11-07 Online:2024-04-01 Published:2024-05-11
  • Contact: Jinsui Li

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the impact of different axillary treatments on the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in T1-2N1miM0 breast cancer patients after mastectomy.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 3 871 patients with unilateral invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast at stage T1-2N1miM0 from 2010 to 2019 in the SEER database were analyzed. According to the postoperative axillary management, all patients were divided into sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) group (2 519 cases, receiving only SLNB) and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) group (1 352 cases, receiving SLNB combined with ALND). The patients in SLNB group were subdivided into post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) group (706 cases) and non-PMRT group (1 813 cases) according to whether they received PMRT or not. After balancing the baseline characteristics by propensity score matching (PSM), the Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test were used to compare BCSS of patients between groups. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for single-factor analysis, multiple-factor analysis and subgroup analysis.

Results

A total of 185 patients died of breast cancer, including 81 in the SLNB group and 104 in the ALND group. In the SLNB group, there were 37 breast cancer-related deaths in the non-PMRT group and 35 in the PMRT group. Survival analysis showed that there was no significant difference in BCSS between the ALND group and the SLNB group (χ2=0.260, P=0.610) and between the non-PMRT group and the PMRT group (χ2=0.893, P=0.345). The results of Cox regression analysis showed that for all patients, age, histological grade, tumor size and molecular typing were independent influencing factors for BCSS; for patients in SLNB group, molecular typing was an independent influencing factor for BCSS. ALND did not significantly improve BCSS of all patients (HR=0.953, 95%CI: 0.710-1.279, P=0.750), and PMRT did not significantly improve BCSS of the patients only receiving SLNB (HR=1.193, 95%CI: 0.746-1.908, P=0.462). Subgroup analysis showed that whether the patients received radiotherapy or not, there was no benefit of BCSS from ALND (no PMRT: HR=0.998, 95%CI: 0.700-1.424, P=0.993; PMRT: HR=1.286, 95%CI: 0.770-2.148, P=0.336). Meanwhile, ALND did not bring benefit to other subgroups of patients; in hormone receptor-negative and HER-2-positive patients, ALND even showed adverse effect on their BCSS (HR=9.577, 95%CI: 1.226-74.849, P=0.031).

Conclusion

Both ALND and PMRT bring no significant improvement on the prognosis of T1-2N1miM0 breast cancer.

Key words: Breast neoplasms, Sentinel lymph node micrometastases, Axillary lymph node dissection, Prognosis

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