To discuss the efficacy of ultrasound-guided aspiration and irrigation in lactational breast abscess patients and analyze the related factors of delactation.

The clinical data of 799 patients with lactational breast abscess treated by ultrasound-guided aspiration and irrigation in the Center for Prevention and Treatment of Breast Diseases, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Haidian District from January to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. χ² test was used to analyze the data such as puncture frequency, postpartum time, antibiotics use and location of abscess. The unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between various factors and delactation.

All 799 cases were followed up and 753 cases were cured. The cure rate was 94.2%(753/799). Delactation occurred in 75 cases and the delectation rate was 9.4%(75/799). Single-factor analysis showed that postnatal time, use of antibiotics, number of puncture and location of abscess were associated with delactation(χ²=7.159, 7.794, 39.394, 21.243, P=0.007, 0.005, P <0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that number of puncture (OR=6.442, 95%CI: 1.851-22.420, P=0.003)and abscess in central area (OR=2.643, 95%CI: 1.480-4.721, P=0.001)were the risk factors for delactation, while long postnatal time was a protective factor for delactation (OR=0.540, 95%CI: 0.315-0.927, P=0.025).

Ultrasound-guided aspiration and irrigation is effective for the treatment of lactational breast abscess, with a high cure rate and low delactation rate. The disease in puerperium, multiple punctures and the abscess in the central area are more likely to cause delectation.