对比分析激素治疗与超声引导下微波消融治疗非哺乳期乳腺炎的临床疗效。

根据纳入及排除标准，回顾性分析2020年1月至2024年3月粤北人民医院收治的39例非哺乳期乳腺炎患者的临床资料。根据治疗方式分为激素组（25例）和消融组（14例）：激素组给予常规糖皮质激素+复方半枝莲口服治疗；消融组行超声引导下微波消融+复方半枝莲口服治疗。中位随访时间29个月，记录患者症状缓解、满意度和主要不良反应等情况。症状缓解率和患者满意率的组间比较采用Fisher确切概率法，症状缓解程度、满意程度和不良反应发生情况的组间比较采用非参数检验。

消融组症状缓解率为85.7%（12/14），高于激素组的48.0%（12/25）（P=0.038）；2组患者的症状缓解程度比较，差异无统计学意义（Z=-1.612，P=0.104）。消融组患者满意率为85.7%（12/14），高于激素组的44.0%（11/25）（P=0.017）；2组患者的治疗满意程度比较，差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.208，P=0.043）。激素组患者的不良反应主要包括体质量增加（19例）、面部痤疮（17例）、全身皮疹（12例）、胃肠道不良反应（16例），消融组患者的主要不良反应包括消融区肿胀（6例）、乳房肿块（10例）、消融区皮肤瘀血（9例）、穿刺口不愈合（2例）。

超声引导下微波消融联合复方半枝莲治疗非哺乳期乳腺炎与激素治疗症状缓解程度相当，患者满意度较高，值得临床应用。

To compare the clinical efficacy between hormone therapy and ultrasound-guided microwave ablation in treating non-lactating mastitis patients.

According to the inclusion and exclusion critieria, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 39 non-lactating mastitis patients admitted to the Guangdong North People's Hospital from January 2020 to March 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on treatment methods： the hormone group （25 cases） and the ablation group （14 cases）. The hormone group received conventional glucocorticoids and oral compound scutellaria barbata， while the ablation group underwent ultrasound-guided microwave ablation and oral compound scutellaria barbata. The median follow-up time was 29 months， during which symptom relief rates， satisfaction rates and major adverse reactions were recorded. Inter-group comparisons of symptom relief rates and patient satisfaction rates were performed using Fisher's exact test， while degree of symptom relief， satisfaction levels and adverse reactions were compared using non-parametric tests.

The ablation group achieved a symptom relief rate of 85.7% （12/14）， significantly higher than 48.0% （12/25） in the hormone group （P=0.038）. No statistically significant difference was observed in degree of symptom relief between the two groups （Z=-1.612， P=0.104）. The ablation group demonstrated the patient satisfaction rate of 85.7% （12/14）， significantly higher than 44.0% （11/25） in the hormone group （P=0.017）. Statistical significance was found in the satisfaction levels between the two groups （Z=-2.208， P=0.043）. In the hormone group， adverse reactions include weight gain (19 cases), facial acne (17 cases), generalized rash (12 cases), and gastrointestinal adverse reactions (16 cases). In the ablation group， adverse reactions included swelling in the ablation area (6 cases), breast lumps (10 cases), skin ecchymosis in the ablation area (9 cases), and non-healing puncture sites (2 cases).

The ultrasound-guided microwave ablation combined with compound scutellaria barbata for non-lactating mastitis demonstrates shows a symptom relief similar to hormone therapy, but with higher patient satisfaction， worthy of clinical application.