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中华乳腺病杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (05) : 263 -269. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2019.05.002

所属专题: 文献

论著

乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及其对预后的影响
廖欣1, 马丹丹1, 齐晓伟1, 姜军1,()   
  1. 1. 400038 重庆,陆军军医大学西南医院乳腺甲状腺外科
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-20 出版日期:2019-10-01
  • 通信作者: 姜军

Risk factors and prognostic significance of level Ⅲ axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Xin Liao1, Dandan Ma1, Xiaowei Qi1, Jun Jiang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2019-06-20 Published:2019-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Jun Jiang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Jiang Jun, Email:
引用本文:

廖欣, 马丹丹, 齐晓伟, 姜军. 乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素及其对预后的影响[J]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(05): 263-269.

Xin Liao, Dandan Ma, Xiaowei Qi, Jun Jiang. Risk factors and prognostic significance of level Ⅲ axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy[J]. Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition), 2019, 13(05): 263-269.

目的

探讨乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的危险因素,并分析其对预后的影响。

方法

回顾性分析2007年1月至2014年12月在陆军军医大学西南医院就诊的306例腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者资料。所有患者均在术前接受了2个周期以上新辅助化疗,其后进行了包括Ⅰ~Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结清扫的乳腺癌改良根治术。采用χ2检验分析患者临床病理特征与Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的关系,并用Logistic回归模型分析Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的独立危险因素,用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Log-rank检验进行生存分析。

结果

单因素分析发现:cT分期、cN分期、临床分期、Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目及新辅助化疗疗效均与Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结状态有关(χ2=24.116、65.139、83.175、140.223、41.482,P均<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示:新辅助化疗后,临床ⅢA、ⅢB、ⅢC期乳腺癌患者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险均显著高于ⅡA期患者(ⅢA比ⅡAOR=29.095,95%CI:2.596~326.034,P=0.006;ⅢB比ⅡAOR=75.145,95%CI:5.083~1 110.837,P=0.002; ⅢC比ⅡA: OR=124.097,95%CI:10.082~1 527.514,P<0.001);并且,Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目≥4枚者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险显著高于<4枚者(OR=21.813,95%CI:9.633~49.389,P<0.001),新辅助化疗后疾病稳定或进展者Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险显著高于临床完全缓解者(OR=17.138,95%CI:2.894~101.481,P=0.002)。对所有患者进行中位时间78个月(7~147个月)的随访,发现新辅助化疗后仍有Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移者,其5年DFS率及5年OS率均明显低于仅有Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移者(DFS率:35.1%比78.9%,P<0.001;OS率:52.8%比83.9%,P<0.001)。

结论

临床分期ⅢA期以上乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后有较高的Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移风险;新辅助化疗后Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移4枚以上者,如术中未行Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结清扫,则有可能存在局部淋巴结转移灶残留;Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结状态是影响乳腺癌患者预后的重要因素。

Objective

To explore the risk factors of level Ⅲ axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in breast cancer patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and analyze their significance on patient prognosis.

Methods

A total of 306 breast cancer patients with ALN metastasis in Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University from January 2007 to December 2014 were enrolled for a retrospective study. All the patients underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy of two or more cycles, followed by mastectomy and ALN dissection (levelⅠ-Ⅲ). χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics of patients and level Ⅲ ALN metastasis, and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors for level Ⅲ ALN metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis.

Results

Univariate analysis showed that stage cT, stage cN, clinical stage, the number of metastatic level Ⅰ-Ⅱ ALNs and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were correlated with the status of level Ⅲ ALNs (χ2=24.116, 65.139, 83.175, 140.223, 41.482, all P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the patients with stage ⅢA, ⅢB or ⅢC breast cancer had significantly higher risk of level Ⅲ ALN metastasis compared with stage ⅡA breast cancer (ⅢA vsA: OR=29.095, 95%CI: 2.596-326.034, P=0.006; ⅢB vsA: OR =75.145, 95%CI: 5.083-1 110.837, P=0.002; ⅢC vsA: OR=124.097, 95%CI: 10.082-1 527.514, P<0.001). The risk of level Ⅲ ALN metastasis was significantly higher in patients with ≥4 metastatic level Ⅰ-Ⅱ ALNs than in patients with < 4 metastatic ALNs (OR=21.813, 95%CI: 9.633-49.389, P<0.001). The patients with stable or progressive disease had significantly higher risk of level Ⅲ ALN metastasis compared with the patients with clinical complete response (OR= 17.138, 95%CI: 2.894-101.481, P=0.002). All patients were followed up for median 78 months (range: 7-147 months). The patients with level Ⅲ ALN metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had significantly lower 5-year DFS and OS compared with those with level Ⅰ-Ⅱ ALN metastasis (DFS: 35.1% vs 78.9%, P<0.001; OS: 52.8% vs 83.9%, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Patients with clinic stage ⅢA or over breast cancer are in high risk of level Ⅲ ALN metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The patients with more than 4 metastatic ALNs at level Ⅰ-Ⅱ after neoadjuvant chemotherapy may present residual lymph node metastasis if no dissection level Ⅲ ALNs is performed during surgery. The status of level Ⅲ ALNs is an important prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.

表1 乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移影响因素的Logistic回归分析变量赋值表
图1 Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目预测Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结状态的受试者工作特征曲线
表2 306例乳腺癌患者临床病理特征与新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的关系
临床病理特征 例数 Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结[例(%)] χ2 P
未转移 转移
年龄 ? ? ? ? ?
? <50岁 206 138(67.0) 68(33.0) 0.476 0.490
? ≥50岁 100 63(63.0) 37(37.0) ? ?
肿瘤位置 ? ? ? ? ?
? 内侧 49 38(77.6) 11(22.4) ? ?
? 外侧 172 108(62.8) 64(37.2) 3.736 0.154
? 中央区 85 55(64.7) 30(35.3) ? ?
cT分期 ? ? ? ? ?
? cT1 47 39(83.0) 8(17.0) ? ?
? cT2 186 129(69.4) 57(30.6) 24.116 <0.001
? cT3 43 23(53.5) 20(46.5) ? ?
? cT4 30 10(33.3) 20(66.7) ? ?
cN分期 ? ? ? ? ?
? cN1 183 150(82.0) 33(18.0) ? ?
? cN2 58 33(56.9) 25(43.1) 65.139 <0.001
? cN3 65 18(27.7) 47(72.3) ? ?
临床分期 ? ? ? ? ?
? A 35 34(97.1) 1(2.9) ? ?
? B 109 94(86.2) 15(13.8) ? ?
? A 76 46(60.5) 30(39.5) 83.175 <0.001
? B 21 9(42.9) 12(57.1) ? ?
? C 65 18(27.7) 47(72.3) ? ?
新辅助化疗疗效 ? ? ? ? ?
? 临床完全缓解 37 33(89.2) 4(10.8) ? ?
? 临床部分缓解 182 134(73.6) 48(26.4) 41.482 <0.001
? 疾病稳定或进展 87 34(39.1) 53(60.9) ? ?
Ⅰ~Ⅱ水平腋窝淋巴结转移数目 ? ? ? ? ?
? <4枚 174 163(93.7) 11(6.3) 140.223 <0.001
? ≥4枚 132 38(28.8) 94(71.2) ? ?
雌激素受体 ? ? ? ? ?
? 115 74(64.3) 41(35.7) 0.146 0.702
? 191 127(66.5) 64(33.5) ? ?
孕激素受体 ? ? ? ? ?
? 124 79(63.7) 45(36.3) 0.361 0.548
? 182 122(67.0) 60(33.0) ? ?
HER-2 ? ? ? ? ?
? 232 151(65.1) 81(34.9) 0.153 0.695
? 74 50(67.6) 24(32.4) ? ?
分子分型 ? ? ? ? ?
? HR(+)/HER-2(-) 177 117(66.1) 60(33.9) ? ?
? HR(+)/HER-2(+) 33 24(72.7) 9(27.3) 1.198 0.753
? HR(-)/HER-2(+) 41 26(63.4) 15(36.6) ? ?
? TNBC 55 34(61.8) 21(38.2) ? ?
表3 采用Logistic逐步回归模型分析乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗后Ⅲ水平腋窝淋巴结转移的影响因素(n=306)
图2 不同水平腋窝淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者的无瘤生存曲线
图3 不同水平腋窝淋巴结转移乳腺癌患者的总生存曲线
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