医学教育是中国医学人才培养的重要途径，以培训、考核为主要手段，以发展医学技术、提高医疗服务质量为最终目标，是更新医师知识和提高住院医师临床实践能力的必要条件。住院医师规范化培训十分重要，然而也存在诸多问题亟待改进，笔者着重探讨乳腺外科住院医师规范化培训的意义、存在的问题及解决方案，旨在提高住院医师规范化培训的质量。

Medical education is an important way to train medical professionals in China. With training and assessment as main means, it aims to develop medical technology and improve the quality of medical service. Standardized training of residents (STR) is indispensable for updating doctors’ knowledge and improving their clinical practice ability. However, there are many problems in STR. This paper focuses on the clinical significance, problems and solutions of STR in departments of breast surgery, in order to improve the quality of training.