乳头乳晕复合体(NAC)血供分为内、外、上、下及中央5个区域，内上区是主要血供来源，主要血管来源于胸廓内动脉、胸外侧动脉分支；双侧NAC血供96%对称，但乳房肥大者有近一半双侧不对称。在保留乳头的手术中，术后乳头缺血坏死是一种严重并发症，血管造影或增强MRI有助于术前评估乳头乳晕区血供。乳腺肿瘤整形术、乳房重建术以及缩乳成形等手术的顺利开展均有赖于对NAC血供的掌握。必须经乳晕切口时，优选下缘切口，可通过乳晕周围去表皮操作保留真皮下血供，弥补乳晕切开范围过大的不足。另外，还要充分评估吸烟、糖尿病、肥胖、高血压，以及以往手术瘢痕对乳头乳晕血供的影响。

The blood supply of nipple-areola complex (NAC) can be divided into five regions: the internal, external, upper, lower and central regions. The upper internal region is the main blood supply source. Most of the source vessels are the branches of the internal thoracic artery and the lateral thoracic artery. Totally 96% of the breasts demonstrate anatomically symmetrical patterns of blood supply for bilateral NACs, but an asymmetrical pattern of bilateral breast blood supply is demonstrated in nearly half of the females with breast hypertrophy. In nipple-sparing surgery, postoperative necrosis of NAC is a severe complication. Preoperative angiography or enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can be used to evaluate the blood supply of nipple-areola area. The success of oncoplastic breast surgery, breast reconstruction and reduction mammaplasty depends on the understanding of NAC blood supply. If a periareolar incision is necessary, a lower periareolar incision is preferred to preserve blood supply under the dermis by removing the epidermis around the areola and make up for the deficiency of the periareolar incision. In addition, the influence of smoking, diabetes, obesity, hypertension and previous surgical scars on the blood supply of nipple areola should be fully evaluated.