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中华乳腺病杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 234 -238. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0807.2019.04.008

所属专题: 文献

论著

云南省广南县乳腺疾病筛查结果分析
雷莉1, 缪春梅1, 郭学君1, 梅硕1, 陈潇霄1, 李芝1, 李玲玉1, 王怡茗2, 杨越1,()   
  1. 1. 650011 昆明市第一人民医院乳腺科
    2. 650031 昆明医科大学研究生院
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-25 出版日期:2019-08-01
  • 通信作者: 杨越
  • 基金资助:
    昆明市西山区科技计划资助项目(西科字25号)

Mass screening results of breast diseases in Guangnan County of Yunnan Province

Li Lei1, Chunmei Miao1, Xuejun Guo1, Shuo Mei1, Xiaoxiao Chen1, Zhi Li1, Lingyu Li1, Yimin Wang2, Yue Yang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Breast Disease, First Hospital of Kunming, Kunming 650011, China
    2. Graduate School of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
  • Received:2017-05-25 Published:2019-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Yue Yang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Yang Yue, Email:
引用本文:

雷莉, 缪春梅, 郭学君, 梅硕, 陈潇霄, 李芝, 李玲玉, 王怡茗, 杨越. 云南省广南县乳腺疾病筛查结果分析[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2019, 13(04): 234-238.

Li Lei, Chunmei Miao, Xuejun Guo, Shuo Mei, Xiaoxiao Chen, Zhi Li, Lingyu Li, Yimin Wang, Yue Yang. Mass screening results of breast diseases in Guangnan County of Yunnan Province[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Breast Disease(Electronic Edition), 2019, 13(04): 234-238.

目的

调查云南省广南县妇女乳腺疾病患病情况,并探索适合偏远地区的乳腺疾病筛查模式。

方法

以随机抽查方式收集2016年3月25日至2016年4月3日广南县7个镇共7 793名妇女的基本信息,采用体检+超声为主,辅以乳腺X线检查及活组织检查的方式进行乳腺疾病筛查,并用χ2检验分析不同民族、不同年龄组间乳腺异常检出率的差异,以及BI-RADS 4~5级病例在不同年龄组中分布的情况。

结果

本次抽查人群中有2 376名妇女为乳腺异常病例(即超声提示BI-RADS 0级或2~5级病例),检出率为30.5%(2 376/7 793)。不同民族乳腺异常检出率如下:汉族为29.9%(1 286/4 302),壮族为33.6%(873/2 595),彝族为23.5%(130/553),苗族为25.6%(30/117),白族为45.8%(22/48),瑶族为18.6%(8/43),回族为11.4%(4/35),蒙古族为23.3%(7/30),傣族为0(0/22),哈尼族为54.5%(12/22),土家族为4/13,侗族为0(0/9),布依族为0(0/4)。各民族间乳腺异常检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=63.187,P<0.001),其中,壮族与汉族比较,乳腺异常检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.577,P<0.002)。不同年龄组患者乳腺异常检出率如下:18~25岁者为11.9%(119/998),26~35岁者为26.0%(901/3 460),36~45岁者为39.2%(896/2 283),46~55岁者为46.9%(446/951),56~73岁者为13.9%(14/101)。各年龄组间乳腺异常检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=411.231, P<0.001),其中,46~55岁者乳腺异常检出率最高。并且,不同年龄组中BI-RADS 4~5级病例检出率如下:18~25岁组为0.1%(1/998),26~35岁组为0.7%(24/3 460),36~45岁组为0.9%(20/2 283),46~55岁组为0.9%(9/951),56~73岁组为5.0%(5/101)。各年龄组间BI-RADS 4~5级病例检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=30.438,P<0.001),其中,56~73岁组妇女BI-RADS 4~5级病例检出率最高。

结论

云南省广南县壮族妇女乳腺异常检出率比汉族高,因此,应加强筛查,并进一步探索其病因;同时,应加强对46~73岁年龄段妇女的乳腺疾病筛查,尤其是56~73岁年龄段的妇女,以便早期发现、早期治疗乳腺恶性肿瘤;体检+超声为主并辅以乳腺X线检查及活组织检查的方式,可能是适合于农村和基层医疗保健机构进行乳腺疾病筛查的模式。

Objective

To investigate the prevalence of breast diseases in women in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province by a random sampling method and explore a mass screening mode for breast diseases in remote areas.

Methods

A total of 7 793 women from 7 towns in Guangnan County from March 25, 2016 to April 3, 2016 were enrolled by random sampling. They underwent physical examination and ultrasonography, supplemented by mammography and biopsy, in order to detect breast diseases. χ2 test was used to compare the detection rate of breast abnormalities among different ethnic groups and age groups, and the distribution of BI-RADS 4-5 lesions among different age groups.

Results

There were 2 376 patients with breast abnormalities (US BI-RADS 0 or 2-5), accounting for 30.5% (2 376/7 793). The detection rate of breast abnormalities in different ethnic groups was as follow: 29.9% (1 286/4 302) in Han nationality, 33.6% (873/2 595) in Zhuang, 23.5% (130/553) in Yi, 25.6% (30/117) in Miao, 45.8% (22/48) in Bai, 18.6% (8/43) in Yao, 11.4% (4/35) in Hui, 23.3% (7/30) in Mongol, 0 (0/22) in Dai, 54.5% (12/22) in Hani, 4/13 in Tujia, 0 (0/9) in Dong and 0 (0/4) in Buyi. There was a significant difference in the detection rate among different ethnic groups (χ2=63.187, P<0.001), between Zhuang and Han nationality (χ2=10.577, P<0.002). The detection rate of breast abnormalities in different age groups was as follow: 11.9% (119/998) in the age group of 18-25 years, 26.0% (901/3 460) in 26-35 years, 39.2% (896/2 283) in 36-45 years, 46.9% (446/951) in 46-55 years, and 13.9% (14/101) in 56-73 years. There was a significant difference in the detection rate among different age groups (χ2=411.231, P<0.001). The patients at the age of 46-55 years had the highest detection rate of breast abnormalities. The detection rate of BI-RADS 4-5 lesions in different age groups was as follow: 0.1% (1/998) in the age group of 18-25 years, 0.7% (24/3 460) in 26-35 years, 0.9% (20/2 283) in 36-45 years, 0.9% (9/951) in 46-55 years, and 5.0% (5/101) in 56-73 years. There was a significant difference in the detection rate of BI-RADS 4-5 lesions among different age groups (χ2=30.438, P<0.001). The patients at the age of 56-73 years had the highest detection rate of BI-RADS 4-5 lesions.

Conclusions

The women of Zhuang ethnic group in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province have a higher detection rate of breast abnormalities compared with Han nationality, so further screening and research are needed. The screening for breast diseases in women at the age of 46-73 years, especially 56-73 years, should be strengthened for early detection and treatment of breast malignancies. The physical examination and ultrasonography supplemented by mammography and biopsy may be feasible for breast disease screening in rural area and primary health care institutions.

表1 广南县妇女抽查的基本情况及乳腺异常检出率分析
表2 7793例广南县妇女乳腺异常的年龄分布情况及超声检查结果
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